Learn About 25 Types of Jade 21-25

Learn About 25 Types of Jade
Today, Let's learn about the twenty-first to twenty-fifth types of jade.

Jade has four standards:

1. A certain hardness
2. Beautiful colors, either monochrome or multicolored
3. Smooth and lustrous appearance
4. Ranges from opaque to translucent (semi-transparent or transparent)

Generally, jade is divided into two categories: narrowly defined jade and broadly defined jade. In a narrow sense, jade consists of two types: hard jade and soft jade, where hard jade is mainly represented by jadeite, and soft jade by Hetian jade. In a broader sense, jade includes not only soft and hard jade but also stones like Dushan jade, Xiuyu jade, as well as other stones such as crystal, agate, turquoise, lapis lazuli, and more. In summary, any beautiful, lustrous stone that serves a purpose in our material, economic, or daily life can be called jade.

21. Amber, Coral, and Coral Jade

Coral is commonly seen in the jade market, but many of the items available are fake or imitations. Amber and coral are considered gemstones because they have long been used as materials for jade carving and artwork. Coral is a secretion of coral polyps, while amber is fossilized tree resin. Despite being organic materials, both have historically been highly valued for their beauty, durability, and rarity, characteristics that align with the definition of jade. Coral jade, in particular, forms when silica (SiO2) replaces coral over time, similar to how trees turn into petrified wood. Coral jade's composition is mainly silica, but it retains the shape of coral, making it a valuable gemstone. Although some call it a coral fossil rather than coral jade, both terms are acceptable. Other types of coral, such as red, white, and gold coral, are classified as organic gemstones.

22. Petrified Wood

Petrified wood is a type of silicified asbestos. It forms when blue asbestos minerals in rocks undergo alteration by acidic hydrothermal solutions, turning into a microcrystalline quartz aggregate while retaining their fibrous structure. Because its appearance resembles wood, it is called petrified wood. According to a study by the Gemological Institute of Asia (GIG), blue asbestos has a hardness of 5 and a density of 3.02–3.42 g/cm³. After silicification, its hardness increases to 7, and its density decreases to 2.64–2.71 g/cm³. The incomplete silicification process results in hardness and density values between the two. Petrified wood is usually brownish-yellow, brown, or reddish-brown but can also be blue or gray-blue, with occasional appearances of golden yellow or purple-brown. Its delicate, fiber-like structure and silky luster distinguish it from other types of jade.

23. Tiger's Eye (Also Known as Tiger Eye Stone)

Petrified wood and tiger's eye are both quartz aggregates and silicified asbestos, so they are often discussed together. Their colors and patterns resemble wood, leading to the name petrified wood, while the fiber arrangement determines whether it's called petrified wood or tiger's eye. Petrified wood comes in brown, gray, and yellowish-brown shades, while tiger's eye is typically brownish-yellow or yellow-brown. Tiger's eye has a hardness of 6.5 and is opaque. Its name comes from the "eye" effect that moves parallel across the stone when viewed from certain angles, resembling a tiger's eye.

There is another type of jade known as petrified wood jade, which is ancient, fossilized wood. It is often seen in various markets, and its price has risen significantly due to its recognized economic and scientific value.

24. Goldstone

Goldstone gets its name from its sparkling appearance, resembling stars in the sky. It is a silica-based quartz mineral with a hardness of 6. It is opaque and often reddish-brown with golden sparkles due to inclusions of copper or gold particles, which reflect light. This sparkling effect is why it’s called goldstone. It is commonly used to make bracelets, necklaces, and seals.

25. Fluorite

Fluorite is primarily composed of calcium fluoride. As far back as 7,000 years ago, people from the Hemudu culture in Zhejiang, China, were already using fluorite as decoration. It ranges from transparent to semi-transparent with a glassy luster and a hardness of 4. Fluorite comes in various colors such as green, purple, blue, and yellow. Its low hardness makes it unsuitable for gemstones but ideal as a decorative stone or jade carving material. Fluorite can emit both fluorescence and phosphorescence, meaning it can glow in the dark without an external light source. Although common fluorite can emit fluorescence, it doesn't qualify as the rare and valuable luminous pearl, which is made from a more refined and carefully processed fluorite.

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